This volume of edited book on Biotechnological approaches for sustainable development brings together diverse topics on Biotechnology. Probiotics, an important aspect in human health, is dealt with in the first chapter. An overview on Molecular markers which are bing used in improvement of crop plants is given in chapter 2. Orchids are important group of horticultural plants and their DNA sequencing and in vitro seed germinaltion are given in chapters 3 and 4 respectively. Similarly in vitro approaches for the medicinal plants are dealt with in the next chapter. Chapter 6 delas with Somaclonal variations and their applications. Micropropation of Pteridophytes - Pronephrium triphyllum and Phlebodium aureum - are given in chapters 7 and 8 respectively. Medcinal aspects of Kaempferia rotunda and Morinda citrifolia are dealt with in chapter 9 and 10. Last chapter deals with the remediation of Uranium contaminated soils, an improtant problem in pollution control.