In this book " Abiotic Stress: Challenges and Prospects," we narrowed our thematic areas to most relevant and important after series of discussions, and invited 18 chapters written by around 60 experts in the field of plant tolerance to abiotic stress, signal perception, transcription factors, proteomic, system biology approaches and bio-engineering of osmolytes. The chapters cover extensively about various aspects of abiotic stresses with in depth discussion on basic approaches of abiotic stresses, principles coupled with that and management strategies in the era of climate change. Efforts are made to cover all the important aspects of the objective of the book. Volume 1 of this book contains 9 chapters which accentuates on specific research field related to abiotic stress. Volume 2 of this book also contains 9 chapters which focus mainly on specific crops.