The status of the development of mineral resources in some of the developing countries, viz., Indonesia, India, Iran, Malaysia, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, Syria and Zambia is included in the publication. Minerals provide the material used to make most of the things of industrial based society; roads, cars, computers, fertilizers, elc. Demand for minerals is increasing world wide as the population increases and the consumption demands of individual people increase. The mining of earth's natural resources is, therelore accelerating, and it has accompanying environmental consequences. Minerals are valuable natural resources being finite and non-renewable. They constitule the vital raw materials for many basic industries and are a major resource for development.. Management of mineral resources has, therefore, to be closely integrated with the overall strategy of development; and exploitation of minerals is to be guided by long-term national goals and perspectives. A mineral is a pure inorganic substance that occurs naturally in the earth's crust. More than two thousand minerals have been identified and most of these are inorganic, which are formed by the various combination of elements. However, a small proportion of the earth's crust contains organic materials, consist of single elements such as gold, silver, diamond, and sulfur. This book provides a comprehensive description and analysis of activites in all aspects of mining .