The book includes a number of new data obtained in recent years, in particular material relating to the recently discovered new structures in spiral galaxies: giant anticyclones, cyclones and slow bars. New methods for the detection of these structures are described. Types of vertical motions of stars and gas in the galaxies, whether due to the presence of spiral arms, or hose instability. An important place is given to modern numerical methods of describing the dynamics of galaxies, stellar as well and gas components.